Science
Planck's Constant Explained
Discover Planck's constant (h), the fundamental value that defines the quantum world and underpins modern technologies like lasers and computers.
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What is it?
Planck's constant, symbolized by h, is a fundamental constant in physics that is central to quantum mechanics. It defines the relationship between the energy of a single particle of light, or photon, and the frequency of its electromagnetic wave. The value is fixed at approximately 6.626 x 10⁻³⁴ joule-seconds. Introduced by physicist Max Planck in 1900, the constant resolved the problem of black-body radiation and established that energy at the atomic scale is not continuous but is transferred in discrete packets, or "quanta." This concept marked the birth of quantum theory.
Why is it trending?
While a century-old concept, Planck's constant remains a cornerstone of modern physics and is essential for understanding the behavior of particles at the atomic and subatomic levels. Its significance is renewed with advancements in quantum computing and nanotechnology, fields that directly manipulate quantum phenomena. Furthermore, its unchanging, universal nature led to its use in 2019 to redefine the kilogram, basing the unit of mass on a fundamental constant of nature. This highlights its foundational importance in our system of measurement and continued relevance in science.
How does it affect people?
The principles of quantum mechanics, which are governed by Planck's constant, are the foundation of numerous modern technologies. Without it, the development of transistors—the building blocks of all computers, smartphones, and electronic devices—would not have been possible. It is also critical to the functioning of lasers, LEDs, solar panels, and medical imaging technologies like MRI scanners. Essentially, every piece of advanced electronics we use today relies on the understanding of the quantum world that began with Planck's constant.