How do I fix a leaky faucet in my kitchen or bathroom?

Fixing a leaky faucet is a manageable DIY task that can save water and money. The process involves identifying the faucet type, disassembling it, replacing worn parts, and reassembling.

Here's a general guide to fixing a leaky faucet:

1. Preparation: Gather essential tools and materials. A basic toolkit is needed, and you may already have many of the items.
2. Shut off the water supply: Locate the shut-off valves, usually under the sink, and turn the handles clockwise until closed.
3. Disassembly: This process depends on the type of faucet. The four most common types of faucets are compression, cartridge, ceramic disc, and ball.
   • Compression Faucet: Pry off the decorative cap on the handle, remove the handle screw, unscrew the packing nut, and remove the valve stem.
   • Cartridge Faucet: Remove the handle, remove the retaining clip, and extract the cartridge.
   • Ceramic Disc Faucet: Remove the handle by loosening the set screw, and unscrew the decorative cap covering the cylinder.
   • Ball Faucet: Use an Allen wrench to loosen the set screw at the base of the handle and lift it off. Then, use pliers to unscrew and remove the cap and collar on top of the faucet body. Lift out the plastic cam, the packing, and the stainless steel ball.
4. Replacing the Parts: Identify the source of the leak, which is usually a faulty washer, O-ring, or seal, and purchase the correct replacement parts.
   • Compression Faucet: Inspect and replace the seat washer at the bottom of the valve stem.
   • Cartridge Faucet: Match the old cartridge to get an identical replacement and insert the new cartridge, ensuring it is aligned correctly. Re-insert the retaining clip.
   • Ball Faucet: Replace the seats and springs, O-rings, and coat the new O-rings with plumber's grease.
5. Reassembly: After replacing the necessary parts, reassemble the faucet.
   • Compression Faucet: Reassemble the faucet in reverse order.
   • Cartridge Faucet: Reattach the handle and replace the decorative cap.
   • Ball Faucet: Place the stainless steel ball back into the faucet body, reassemble the top, and reattach the handle.
6. Testing: Turn the water supply on slowly and check for leaks around the handle and spout.