Technology
Catalytic Converters Explained
Discover what a catalytic converter is, how this vital car part reduces pollution, and why its precious metals make it a target for theft.
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What is it?
A catalytic converter is an essential exhaust emission control device found on most modern vehicles with internal combustion engines. Its primary function is to convert harmful pollutants from the engine's exhaust into less harmful substances before they are released into the atmosphere. It uses a ceramic honeycomb structure coated with a catalyst, typically a mix of precious metals like platinum, palladium, and rhodium. Through chemical reactions, it transforms toxic gases such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and hydrocarbons into safer compounds like carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and water.
Why is it trending?
Catalytic converters are trending primarily due to a dramatic global surge in their theft. The precious metals they contain—platinum, palladium, and rhodium—have extremely high market values, sometimes exceeding that of gold. This makes the converters a lucrative target for thieves who can quickly cut them from a vehicle's undercarriage and sell them to scrapyards or illicit recyclers. The rise in thefts has become a significant news topic, with law enforcement agencies and communities grappling with this widespread crime wave.
How does it affect people?
For vehicle owners, the theft of a catalytic converter is a major disruption and financial burden. Without it, a car will produce a deafening roar and release illegal levels of pollution, making it undriveable and unable to pass emissions tests. The cost of replacing a stolen converter can range from hundreds to several thousand dollars, depending on the vehicle model. This unexpected expense can be a significant hardship for many individuals and families, highlighting a direct link between global commodity prices and everyday vehicle security.