The Synthesis of "Great Schism"

An explanation of the Great Schism of 1054, the monumental split that divided Christianity into the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches.

An overview of Roman Emperor Constantine the Great, who ended Christian persecution and shifted the capital to Constantinople, forever changing history.

An overview of Pope Gregory I, one of the most influential figures in the Catholic Church, known for his vast writings and administrative reforms.

A look at the final, devastating conflict between the Byzantine and Sassanid Empires that reshaped the ancient world and paved the way for new powers.

Discover the Theodosian dynasty, the last imperial family to rule the entire Roman Empire, shaping its final division and religious transformation.

An overview of the Papal States, the territories in central Italy ruled directly by the Pope for over a thousand years, from 756 to 1870.

Explore the Salian dynasty (1024-1125), a pivotal era in the Holy Roman Empire defined by the epic power struggle between emperors and popes.

A look at the medieval power struggle between popes and emperors over church appointments, a conflict that forever changed church-state relations.

Discover Diocletian, the Roman emperor who ended a century of chaos, reorganized the government, and established the Tetrarchy to save a crumbling empire.

A brief explainer on the Schmalkaldic War (1546-1547), a key religious conflict between Catholic and Protestant forces in the Holy Roman Empire.