Technology
Top 5 Used EVs to Buy in 2024
## Top 5 Used EVs to Buy in 2024: A Smart Buying Guide The electric vehicle revolution is in full swing, and as technology matures and new models flo...
1. Top 5 Used EVs to Buy in 2024: A Smart Buying Guide
The electric vehicle revolution is in full swing, and as technology matures and new models flood the market, the used EV sector is becoming an increasingly attractive proposition for savvy car buyers. The steep depreciation that often affects new cars can be a significant advantage for those looking to make the switch to electric without the hefty price tag. However, navigating the pre-owned EV market requires a different approach than buying a traditional internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicle. Battery health, charging technology, and software support are all crucial factors to consider. This guide will walk you through the best used EVs to buy in 2024, focusing on smart buying strategies to ensure you get a reliable and affordable electric car that suits your needs.
For years, the primary barrier to EV adoption was cost. Now, with a growing pool of second-hand options, that barrier is shrinking. A used EV can offer the same exhilarating acceleration, quiet ride, and low running costs as a new one, but at a fraction of the price. This article will delve into five of the most compelling used electric vehicles on the market, examining their long-term reliability, potential issues, and what to look for when making a purchase. From established pioneers to more recent game-changers, these are the top used EVs that represent the best value and smartest buys in 2024.
1. Tesla Model 3
The Tesla Model 3 has been a dominant force in the EV market since its debut, and its popularity translates into a robust used market. It offers a compelling blend of performance, technology, and access to Tesla's extensive Supercharger network, making it a top contender for the best used EV.
Long-Term Reliability and Common Issues
The Model 3 generally boasts good reliability, especially concerning its core electric drivetrain components. However, early production models (2017-2019) have had some reported issues.
Build Quality Concerns
Panel gaps and paint imperfections are commonly cited cosmetic issues, particularly on earlier models. While these don't affect the car's performance, they are something to inspect closely. Some owners have also reported creaks and rattles from the interior trim.
Suspension and Control Arms
A known issue, especially in earlier Model 3s, is premature wear of the front upper control arms, which can lead to a creaking noise over bumps. This is a fixable issue, and many cars may have already had this addressed under warranty.
Software and Screen Glitches
While Tesla's over-the-air updates are a major selling point, they can occasionally introduce software bugs. The large central touchscreen, which controls nearly all vehicle functions, has been known to occasionally freeze or lag, though a simple reboot often resolves this.
Battery Degradation and What to Check
Tesla's battery packs are among the best in the industry in terms of longevity. Studies and owner reports suggest an average degradation of around 1-2% per year.
Assessing Battery Health
A key part of a smart buying decision is to assess the battery's health. You can get a good idea of this by checking the car's estimated range at a full charge and comparing it to the original EPA-rated range for that specific model and year. For a more precise reading, Tesla's service menu can display the battery's state of health, or you can use third-party apps like Scan My Tesla with a compatible OBD2 dongle.
Running Costs and Ownership
One of the Model 3's biggest draws is its low running costs. Electricity is significantly cheaper than gasoline, and with no oil changes, spark plugs, or exhaust systems to maintain, routine servicing is minimal. However, insurance premiums for Teslas can be higher than for other vehicles, so it's wise to get a quote beforehand.
Which Used Model 3 to Buy?
For the best balance of features and value, a post-2020 Model 3 is often recommended. These models benefit from build quality improvements, the inclusion of a heat pump for better cold-weather efficiency, and a powered trunk. The Long Range variant is a popular choice, offering an excellent combination of range and performance. The Standard Range Plus (later just 'Rear-Wheel Drive') is also a great option for those who don't need the extra range and all-wheel drive. The Performance model offers blistering acceleration but comes at a higher price point.
2. Nissan Leaf (Second Generation, 2018+)
The Nissan Leaf is one of the pioneers of the modern EV era, and the second-generation model, introduced in 2018, represents a significant step up in terms of range, design, and technology. It's a practical and affordable entry into EV ownership, making it one of the best used EVs for budget-conscious buyers.
Long-Term Reliability and Common Issues
The second-generation Leaf is generally considered a reliable vehicle with a simple and robust electric motor. However, there are a few things to be aware of.
Brake and Tire Wear
Like many EVs, the Leaf's regenerative braking system (e-Pedal) can reduce wear on the conventional brakes. However, it's still important to check the condition of the brake pads and discs. Tire wear can be slightly higher than in a comparable ICE car due to the instant torque of the electric motor.
Infotainment System
The infotainment system in the Leaf, while functional with Apple CarPlay and Android Auto, can feel a bit dated and less responsive compared to newer EVs.
Recalls
There have been a few recalls for the second-generation Leaf, including one for unintended acceleration that was addressed with a software update. It's crucial to check that any applicable recalls have been carried out on a potential purchase.
Battery Degradation and a Key Consideration
This is the most critical area to scrutinize when buying a used Leaf. Unlike most of its rivals, the Leaf's battery is passively air-cooled, meaning it doesn't have a liquid-cooling system to manage temperatures.
Impact of Climate
In hotter climates, the lack of active thermal management can lead to faster battery degradation. If the car has spent its life in a very warm region and has been frequently DC fast-charged, the battery may have experienced more significant health loss.
Checking Battery Health
The Leaf's dashboard provides a battery capacity gauge with 12 bars. A new car will have all 12 bars, and as the battery degrades, these bars will disappear. Losing the first bar indicates a capacity drop to around 85%. For a more detailed analysis, the Leaf Spy app, paired with an OBD2 dongle, is an invaluable tool for checking the battery's State of Health (SoH) percentage and other vital data.
Running Costs and Ownership
The Leaf is an exceptionally cheap car to run. Maintenance is minimal, and electricity costs are low. Its widespread popularity means that parts and servicing are readily available.
Which Used Leaf to Buy?
The most significant decision is choosing between the two available battery sizes.
- 40kWh Battery: Found in the standard models, offering an EPA-rated range of around 150 miles when new. This is a great option for a city car or a daily commuter with a predictable route.
- 62kWh Battery (Leaf Plus): Introduced in 2019, the 'Plus' models offer a much more versatile EPA-rated range of up to 226 miles. For anyone with a longer commute or who wants the flexibility for occasional longer journeys, the Leaf Plus is the smarter buy.
Look for SV or SL trims, as they offer more standard features like a larger touchscreen, navigation, and advanced driver-assistance systems.
3. Hyundai Kona Electric
The Hyundai Kona Electric shook up the EV market upon its launch with its impressive long-range capabilities in a compact and stylish crossover package. As a used buy, it offers excellent value and is a strong contender for the best used EV for those needing practicality and a substantial range.
Long-Term Reliability and Common Issues
The Kona Electric has proven to be a reliable EV, but there are a couple of notable points for potential buyers.
Battery Recall
A significant issue was a widespread battery recall for 2019-2020 models due to a potential fire risk. Most of these vehicles have had their battery packs completely replaced under the recall. When buying a used Kona from this period, it is absolutely essential to verify with a Hyundai dealer that this recall work has been completed. A car with a brand-new battery pack is a huge bonus for a used EV buyer.
Motor Noise
Some owners have reported a faint 'whirring' or 'clicking' noise from the electric motor. This has been addressed by Hyundai, often through a motor replacement under warranty, so it's worth listening for any unusual sounds during a test drive.
Battery Degradation and What to Check
The Kona Electric features a liquid-cooled battery pack, which is a significant advantage over the air-cooled system in the Nissan Leaf. This helps to maintain the battery's health over the long term, even in warmer climates.
Checking Battery Health
The car's infotainment system has a dedicated EV menu that can provide some information about energy consumption, but it doesn't display a simple State of Health percentage. A thorough test drive, noting the estimated range at a high state of charge, is a good indicator. For a more in-depth check, a pre-purchase inspection at a Hyundai dealership or by an EV specialist is recommended.
Running Costs and Ownership
Like other EVs, the Kona Electric is very affordable to run. Hyundai also offered an excellent warranty on new vehicles, including a 10-year/100,000-mile powertrain and battery warranty, much of which may still be transferable to a second owner.
Which Used Kona Electric to Buy?
The Kona Electric is primarily available with a 64kWh battery, which is the one to go for. It provides an excellent EPA-rated range of 258 miles. There was a shorter-range 39.2kWh version available in some markets, but it is less common and less desirable.
In terms of trim levels, even the base models are well-equipped. Higher trims like the Limited and Ultimate add desirable features such as a larger touchscreen, premium audio system, leather seats, and a sunroof. A 2020 or newer model is a great sweet spot, offering a good balance of modern features and value.
4. Kia e-Niro
Sharing its excellent powertrain and battery technology with the Hyundai Kona Electric, the Kia e-Niro offers a similar long-range, high-value proposition but with a more spacious and practical interior. This makes it one of the best used EVs for small families or anyone needing more cargo space.
Long-Term Reliability and Common Issues
The Kia e-Niro has a strong reputation for reliability, mirroring that of its Hyundai counterpart. The shared underpinnings mean that potential issues are also similar.
Shared Powertrain Characteristics
Like the Kona Electric, it's worth listening for any unusual motor noises on a test drive. The e-Niro was also subject to the same battery recall as the Kona, so it's imperative to check that this has been addressed on any 2019-2020 models.
Interior Wear and Tear
While the interior is practical and well-laid-out, some of the plastics can be prone to scratching. It's worth inspecting the cabin for signs of heavy use.
Battery Degradation and What to Check
The e-Niro benefits from the same robust, liquid-cooled 64kWh battery pack as the Kona Electric. This results in excellent long-term battery health and resilience to degradation.
Verifying Battery Condition
The process for checking the e-Niro's battery health is similar to the Kona Electric. A long test drive and observing the displayed range is a good starting point. Checking the vehicle's service history and considering a professional inspection can provide extra peace of mind.
Running Costs and Ownership
The e-Niro is another EV that is very light on the wallet when it comes to running costs. Kia's industry-leading 7-year/100,000-mile warranty on new cars is a significant selling point, and a good portion of this is transferable to subsequent owners, offering excellent peace of mind for a used purchase.
Which Used e-Niro to Buy?
The 64kWh battery version is by far the most common and desirable, offering an EPA-rated range of 239 miles. The trim levels in the e-Niro offer a clear step-up in features. Higher-spec models come with features like a larger 10.25-inch touchscreen, heated and ventilated seats, and a premium sound system. Given its practicality and impressive range, a well-maintained, higher-spec used e-Niro from 2020 onwards represents a fantastic all-around EV package.
5. BMW i3
The BMW i3 is one of the most distinctive and forward-thinking EVs ever made. With its carbon-fiber construction, unique styling, and premium interior, it offers a driving experience unlike any other. As a used buy, it's an affordable entry into premium EV ownership, perfect for city dwellers and those who appreciate innovative design.
Long-Term Reliability and Common Issues
The i3 has a generally solid reliability record, but there are some specific things to look out for.
12-Volt Battery
Like all cars, the i3 has a 12-volt battery to power its accessories. If this battery starts to fail, it can cause a host of strange electronic issues. It's a relatively inexpensive part to replace but something to be aware of if you encounter any electrical gremlins.
Air Conditioning Compressor
Some owners have reported issues with the air conditioning compressor, which can be an expensive fix. Be sure to test the AC thoroughly during your inspection.
Range Extender (REx) Model
The i3 was available with an optional small gasoline engine called the Range Extender (REx). While this can alleviate range anxiety, it adds complexity and maintenance requirements, including oil changes and servicing for the engine itself. For a pure EV experience with lower maintenance, the all-electric (BEV) version is the smarter choice.
Battery Degradation and What to Check
The i3 has a liquid-cooled battery, and it has proven to be very durable over time.
Battery Upgrades Over Time
The i3's battery capacity was increased throughout its production run. Early models had a 60Ah (22kWh) battery, which was later upgraded to 94Ah (33kWh) in 2017, and finally 120Ah (42.2kWh) in 2019. The later models with the larger batteries offer significantly more range and are the most desirable.
Checking Battery Health
The i3 has a hidden service menu that can be accessed to show the battery's state of health (kappa max). This is a great way to get a precise reading of its capacity.
Running Costs and Ownership
As a premium brand, repair costs for the i3 can be higher than for some of the other cars on this list if something goes wrong outside of warranty. However, its routine running costs are very low. The i3's narrow, specialized tires can also be more expensive to replace than standard tires.
Which Used i3 to Buy?
For the best experience, a 2019 or newer i3 with the 120Ah battery is the one to get. This provides an EPA-rated range of 153 miles, which is ample for city driving and commuting. The sportier i3s model offers sharper handling and more power, but at a slightly reduced range. Unless you have significant range anxiety and are willing to take on the extra maintenance, the pure BEV version is generally a better long-term proposition than the REx model.
7. Conclusion
The used electric vehicle market in 2024 is brimming with excellent choices that cater to a wide range of needs and budgets. From the tech-forward Tesla Model 3 to the practical and affordable Nissan Leaf, and the long-range capabilities of the Hyundai Kona Electric and Kia e-Niro, there are compelling options for nearly every type of driver. The unique and stylish BMW i3 also presents a fantastic opportunity to own a premium and innovative city EV. By focusing on a "Smart Buying" approach—prioritizing battery health checks, verifying service history, and understanding the specific nuances of each model—you can confidently make the switch to electric and enjoy all the benefits of EV ownership for a fraction of the cost of a new vehicle. The best used EVs are not just about saving money; they're about making a smart, sustainable, and enjoyable investment in your driving future.