Wellness
What Is Contact Dermatitis?
An explainer on contact dermatitis, an itchy rash caused by direct contact with an allergen or irritant, from skincare products to metals.
What is it?
Contact dermatitis is a type of eczema that causes the skin to become itchy, red, dry, and sometimes blistered. It's an inflammatory reaction that occurs when your skin touches a substance that either irritates it or triggers an allergic response. There are two main types: irritant contact dermatitis, the most common form, which is caused by direct damage to the skin from substances like soaps or solvents; and allergic contact dermatitis, which is an immune system reaction to an allergen like nickel in jewelry, fragrances, or plants like poison ivy. The rash is not contagious but can be very uncomfortable.
Why is it trending?
Contact dermatitis remains a prevalent issue, affecting up to 20% of the general population. Its relevance is constantly renewed by changing consumer habits and product formulations. The rise of new ingredients in cosmetics and skincare products, along with evolving beauty trends like at-home gel nail kits containing acrylates, has led to new waves of allergic reactions. Increased awareness of potential allergens in everyday items, from personal care products to textiles and metals, keeps this condition a frequent topic in wellness and beauty discussions as people seek to identify triggers for their skin issues.
How does it affect people?
The primary effect is physical discomfort, including intense itching, burning sensations, swelling, and a visible rash that can last for two to four weeks. Depending on the severity, it can be painful and disruptive to daily activities. Constant scratching can lead to breaks in the skin, increasing the risk of bacterial or fungal infections. Chronic contact dermatitis can significantly impact a person's quality of life. It is also a major occupational hazard for professions like healthcare workers, hairstylists, and mechanics who are frequently exposed to chemicals and irritants.