History
The Norman Conquest Explained
An overview of the 1066 Norman invasion of England, which ended Anglo-Saxon rule and dramatically reshaped the nation's culture, language, and politics.
What is it?
The Norman Conquest was the 11th-century invasion and occupation of England by an army of Norman, Breton, and French soldiers led by Duke William of Normandy. The pivotal event was the Battle of Hastings on October 14, 1066, where William's forces defeated the English army led by King Harold Godwinson, who was killed in the battle. Following this decisive victory, William marched on London and was crowned King of England on Christmas Day, 1066, ending centuries of Anglo-Saxon rule.
Why is it trending?
The Norman Conquest remains a topic of enduring historical interest because it was a profound turning point in English history. It fundamentally reshaped England's political, social, and cultural landscape. The event marked the last successful foreign conquest of England and introduced a new ruling class, a new language (Anglo-Norman French), and new forms of architecture, such as stone castles. Its long-term consequences, including the creation of the Domesday Book and the establishment of feudalism, laid the groundwork for the modern English state.
How does it affect people?
The conquest dramatically altered the lives of the English population. The Anglo-Saxon nobility was almost entirely replaced by a Norman elite, who took control of the land and government. William introduced feudalism, a system that tied peasants to the land and solidified a new social hierarchy. For the common person, this meant a new Norman lord. The legal system became harsher, and vast tracts of land were declared royal forests. Furthermore, the language of the ruling class became French, which heavily influenced the English language, creating a linguistic divide and introducing thousands of new words.