Wellness
Retinol vs. Retinoid: What's the Difference?
Understand the key differences between over-the-counter retinol and prescription retinoids to choose the right vitamin A derivative for your skin.
What is it?
"Retinoid" is the umbrella term for a class of skincare ingredients derived from vitamin A. Retinol is a specific type of retinoid that is available over-the-counter (OTC) in products like creams and serums. The main difference lies in their strength. Prescription retinoids, such as tretinoin, are more potent because their active ingredient is retinoic acid. OTC retinols are weaker because they must be converted by skin enzymes into retinoic acid, a multi-step process that reduces their overall efficacy. Both work by accelerating skin cell turnover and boosting collagen production.
Why is it trending?
Retinoids have been a dermatologist-recommended staple for decades, initially for treating acne. Their popularity in mainstream beauty is trending due to their proven anti-aging benefits, effectively reducing the appearance of fine lines, wrinkles, and hyperpigmentation. Increased accessibility of gentler OTC retinol products has made the ingredient family available to a wider audience, moving it from a clinical treatment to a preventative and cosmetic staple. Influencers and beauty editors consistently praise their transformative effects, keeping them at the forefront of skincare conversations.
How does it affect people?
For users, the choice between retinol and a prescription retinoid depends on skin type and concern. Retinols are ideal for beginners or those with sensitive skin, targeting mild concerns like early signs of aging or uneven texture. Prescription retinoids offer faster, more dramatic results for concerns like persistent acne and deeper wrinkles but come with a higher risk of irritation, such as redness, dryness, and peeling. All retinoid users must be diligent with sun protection, as the ingredient increases sun sensitivity. Consulting a dermatologist is best to determine the right product and strength.