Science
Electromagnetic Fields Explained
An essential guide to electromagnetic fields (EMFs), the invisible energy that surrounds us, and the debate about their impact on our health.
What is it?
An electromagnetic field (EMF) is an invisible area of energy, often called radiation, that is created by electricity. It is composed of both an electric field and a magnetic field. An electric field is produced by stationary electric charges, while a magnetic field is created by moving charges (an electric current). These two fields are intertwined and can propagate through space as electromagnetic waves. EMFs are a fundamental force of nature and are present everywhere in our environment. They come from natural sources like the Earth's own magnetic field and thunderstorms, as well as human-made sources like power lines and mobile phones.
Why is it trending?
With the rapid growth of technology, human-made electromagnetic fields are becoming increasingly common. Sources like Wi-Fi routers, cell towers, and everyday electronic devices constantly emit EMFs. This increased exposure has fueled public curiosity and concern about the potential long-term health effects. The scientific and public debate over the safety of EMF exposure, especially from wireless technologies, keeps the topic relevant. Ongoing research by organizations like the World Health Organization (WHO) continues to investigate potential links between EMFs and various health conditions, ensuring it remains a prominent topic.
How does it affect people?
The effects of EMFs depend on their frequency and strength. High-frequency EMFs, if strong enough, can heat body tissue, which is the basis for how microwave ovens work. Low-frequency fields can stimulate nerves and muscles in the body. While short-term exposure to very high levels of EMFs is known to be harmful, the health impact of long-term, low-level exposure is still debated. Some studies have suggested a possible link between EMF exposure and health issues, but to date, major scientific bodies state there is no conclusive evidence that exposure to low-level EMFs is harmful to human health.