History
Alfred the Great: England's Unlikely Saviour
Discover Alfred the Great, the King of Wessex who fought off Viking invaders and laid the foundations for a unified, literate England.
What is it?
Alfred the Great was the King of Wessex from 871 to 899. At a time when Viking invasions had conquered other Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, Alfred successfully defended Wessex, the last free territory. After suffering a major defeat and retreating to the Somerset marshes, he regrouped his forces for a decisive guerrilla campaign. His most famous victory came at the Battle of Edington in 878, which forced the Viking leader Guthrum to a peace treaty. This victory was a critical turning point, ensuring the survival of Anglo-Saxon culture and identity.
Why is it trending?
Alfred is the only English monarch honoured with the title "the Great." His fame rests not just on his military victories, but on his visionary reforms. To protect his kingdom, he reorganized the army, built a navy, and created a network of fortified towns known as 'burhs'. A devout and learned ruler, Alfred also championed a revival of learning and literacy, which had declined due to the Viking raids. He personally translated important Latin texts into Old English, making them accessible and promoting a common language and culture.
How does it affect people?
Alfred’s reign had a foundational impact on the creation of England. By halting the Viking conquest and recapturing London, he began the process of political unification. He was the first to style himself "King of the Anglo-Saxons," fostering a national identity beyond regional kingdoms. His comprehensive legal code, which blended tradition with Christian values, influenced the development of English law. His educational and administrative reforms helped create a more stable and cultured society, laying the groundwork for the medieval English state.